4/16/2023 0 Comments Works of s.saradakuttySince the onset of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic in November 2019, neurologic complications of SARS-CoV-2 infection are increasingly recognized. ![]() Most ADEM cases are clinically monophasic, but a small number are recurrent or subsequently realized to be the initial presentation of a relapsing CNS demyelinating disease such as MS, myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disease, or neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. 1 In the absence of a biomarker, the diagnosis of ADEM is largely reliant on the clinical presentation supported by typical MRI findings and the exclusion of competing diagnoses through ancillary testing. 2 Given that ADEM is more common in children, consensus criteria for clinically diagnosing ADEM exist for children only. 1 ADEM is classically thought to be preceded by vaccination or a systemic infection, of which upper respiratory tract infections are most commonly reported. ![]() ![]() Glossary ADEM = acute disseminated encephalomyelitis AHLE = acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis IPMSSG = International Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Study Group IVIG = IV immunoglobulin MGB = Massachusetts General Brigham mRS = modified Rankin Scale OCB = oligoclonal bandĪcute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the CNS, characterized by fulminant multifocal neurologic injury and distinct neuropathologic findings.
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